AT&T No. 4 Electronic Switching System (4ESS)

(last updated: 16-May-2015 09:31)
 

Books

  1. EOBS2 pgs 414, 425-430, 451-452, 459-460, 463.
     
  2. Section 12.9 of Digital Telephony and Network Integration, Bernard E. Keiser and Eugene Strange, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, 1985.

Periodical Articles and Conference Papers

  1. "An Introduction to No. 4 ESS", ISS'72 pgs 19-25.
     
  2. "No. 4 ESS Will Triple Toll Capacity", BLR 50:8 Sep 1972 pgs 264-265.
     
  3. "No. 4 ESS - Long Distance Switching for the Future", BLR 51:8 Sep 1973 pgs 226-232.
     
  4. "No. 4 ESS: System Aspects of the Network", ICC'74 paper 41A.
     
  5. "No. 4 ESS: 1A Technology", ICC'74 paper 41B.
     
  6. "No. 4 ESS: Voiceband Interface", ICC'74 paper 41C.
     
  7. "No. 4 ESS: Switching Network", ICC'74 paper 41D.
     
  8. "Network Clock for the No. 4 ESS Time Division Network", ICC'74 paper 41E.
     
  9. "No. 4 ESS Signal Processor", ICC'74 paper 41x.
     
  10. "System Planning for No. 4 ESS", ISS'74 pgs 223- .
     
  11. "Development of Features for No. 4 ESS", ISS'74 pgs 415- .
     
  12. "The Circuit Maintenance System for the No. 4 ESS", NEC'74 pgs 33-34.
     
  13. "Controlling Large Electronic Switching Systems", BLR 54:2 Feb 1976 pgs 30-33.
     
  14. "From Patchboard to ESS", Telecommunications 10:2 Feb 1976 pg 18.
     
  15. "Long Distance Superstar", Bell Telephone Magazine Mar-Apr 1976 pgs 3-6.
     
  16. "Getting No. 4 ESS On Line On Time", BLR 54:4 Apr 1976 pgs 82-89.
     
  17. "Linking People and Systems for Better Trunk Maintenance", BLR 54:5 May 1976 pgs 127-133.
     
  18. "Superphone System", Popular Science 208:9 1976 pg 71.
     
  19. "ESS: Minimonster", IEEE Spectrum Jun 1976 pg 33.
     
  20. "Echo Suppressor Terminal for No. 4 ESS", ICC'76.
     
  21. "No. 4 ESS - a Full-Fledged Toll Switching Node", ISS'76.
     
  22. "No. 4 ESS Software", ISS'76.
     
  23. "Early No. 4 ESS Field Experience", ISS'76.
     
  24. "Network Management and Its Implementation on the No. 4 ESS", ISS'76 pgs 241-242.
     
  25. "Structured Approach to Software Development", Western Electric Engineer, Oct 1976 pgs 42-50.
     
  26. Issue of The Bell System Technical Journal on "No. 4 ESS", BSTJ 56:7 Sep 1977.
     
  27. "No. 4 ESS: Prologue", BSTJ 56:7 Sep 1977 pgs 1015-1016.
     
  28. "No. 4 ESS: System Objectives and Organization", BSTJ 56:7 Sep 1977 pgs 1017-1027.
     
  29. "No. 4 ESS: Peripheral System", BSTJ 56:7 Sep 1977 pgs 1029-1055.
     
  30. "No. 4 ESS: Transmission/Switching Interfaces and Toll Terminal Equipment", BSTJ 56:7 Sep 1977 pgs 1057-1097.
     
  31. "No. 4 ESS: System Power", BSTJ 56:7 Sep 1977 pgs 1099-1111.
     
  32. "No. 4 ESS: Software Organization and Basic Call Handling", BSTJ 56:7 Sep 1977 pgs 1113-1138.
     
  33. "No. 4 ESS: Maintenance Software", BSTJ 56:7 Sep 1977 pgs 1139-1167.
     
  34. "No. 4 ESS: Network Management and Traffic Administration", BSTJ 56:7 Sep 1977 pgs 1169-1202.
     
  35. "No. 4 ESS: Data/Trunk Administration and Maintenance", BSTJ 56:7 Sep 1977 pgs 1203-1237.
     
  36. "No. 4 ESS: Program Administration, Test, and Evaluation", BSTJ 56:7 Sep 1977 pgs 1239-1277.
     
  37. "No. 4 ESS: System Integration and Early Office Experience", BSTJ 56:7 Sep 1977 pgs 1279-1295.
     
  38. "No. 4 ESS: The Switched Digital Network Plan", BSTJ 56:7 Sep 1977 pgs 1297-1320.
     
  39. "No. 4 ESS: New Feature Additions and Recent Field Experience", NEC'77 pgs 238- .
     
  40. "Installation and Service Experience with the Western Electric Corporation Manufactured No. 4 ESS", NEC'77 pgs 321- .
     
  41. Issue of the Bell Laboratories Record on "No. 4 ESS", BLR 55:11 Dec 1977.
     
  42. "No. 4 ESS - Symbol of Bell System Strength", BLR 55:11 Dec 1977 pgs 288-289.
     
  43. "No. 4 ESS - Through a Wide-Angle Lens", BLR 55:11 Dec 1977 pgs 290- 295.
     
  44. "Developing New Features for No. 4 ESS", BLR 55:11 Dec 1977 pgs 296- 300.
     
  45. "Data-Base Administration: Managing the Giant", BLR 55:11 Dec 1977 pgs 301-304.
     
  46. "Network Management - Beating the Bottlenecks", BLR 55:11 Dec 1977 pgs 305-309.
     
  47. "Switching and Signal Handling", BLR 55:11 Dec 1977 pgs 310-315.
     
  48. "Timing - Marching to the Same Drum", BLR 55:11 Dec 1977 pgs 316-318.
     
  49. "Improving the No. 4 ESS", Telephony 194:4 Jan 23 1978 pgs 24-28.
     
  50. "CCIS: No. 4 ESS Application", BSTJ 57:2 Feb 1978 pgs 361-377.
     
  51. "Suppressing Echoes Digital Style", BLR 56:6 Jun 1978 pgs 142-146.
     
  52. "UNIX Time-Sharing System: No. 4 ESS Diagnostic Environment", BSTJ 57:6:2 Jul-Aug 1978 pgs 2265-2274.
     
  53. "The LT-1 Connector - A Conventional Transmultiplexor", NTC'78.
     
  54. "No. 4 ESS Goes International", BLR 56:11 Dec 1978 pgs 303-307.
     
  55. "International Dialing: No Longer a Novelty", BLR 57:1 Jan 1979 pgs 26-31.
     
  56. "Analysis and Simulation of No. 4 ESS Network Performance", ITC COM-27:1 Jan 1979 pgs 1-9 (also NTC'76 paper 19.2).
     
  57. "New No. 4 ESS Network and Terminals", ISS'79.
     
  58. "No. 4 ESS Operations and Performance", ISS'79.
     
  59. "No. 4 ESS: A Continuing Evolution", BLR 57:6 Jun 1979 pgs 154-161.
     
  60. "Implementation of CCITT Signaling System No. 6 in the No. 4 ESS", ICC'79 paper 30.6.
     
  61. "No. 4 ESS - Evolution of a Digital Switching System", ITC COM-27:7 Jul 1979 pgs 1001-1011 (also DCOSW pgs 27-39).
     
  62. "From Analog to Digital for the No. 4 ESS - Economically", BLR 57:10 Nov 1979 pgs 288-292.
     
  63. "Tipping the Scales for No. 4 ESS", BLR 58:5 May 1980 pgs 138-145.
     
  64. "No. 4 ESS Growth: Serving Increased Toll Switching Needs", BLR 58:5 May 1980 pgs 146-151.
     
  65. "The Expanding Capabilities of No. 4 Electronic Switching System (ESS)", INTELCOM'80 (Rio De Janeiro, Brasil, May 19-23, 1980), pgs 70- .
     
  66. "Overload Features and Network Management in a Large Electronic Switching System", INTELCOM'80 (Rio De Janeiro, Brasil, May 19-23, 1980), pgs 175- .
     
  67. "The Difference with DIF? Size, Intelligence, and Cost", BLR 58:10 Nov 1980 pgs 346-349.
     
  68. Issue of The Bell System Technical Journal on No. 4 ESS Switching System - System Evolution: BSTJ 60:6:2 Jul-Aug 1981.
     
  69. "No. 4 ESS: Prologue", BSTJ 60:6:2 Jul-Aug 1981 pgs 1041-1048.
     
  70. "No. 4 ESS: Mass Announcement Capability", BSTJ 60:6:2 Jul-Aug 1981 pgs 1049-1081.
     
  71. "No. 4 ESS: Mass Announcement Subsystem", BSTJ 60:6:2 Jul-Aug 1981 pgs 1083-1108.
     
  72. "No. 4 ESS: Network Clock Synchronization", BSTJ 60:6:2 Jul-Aug 1981 pgs 1109-1129.
     
  73. "No. 4 ESS: Digital Interface", BSTJ 60:6:2 Jul-Aug 1981 pgs 1131- 1166.
     
  74. "No. 4 ESS: Evolution of the Software Structure", BSTJ 60:6:2 Jul-Aug 1981 pgs 1167-1201.
     
  75. "No. 4 ESS: Performance Objectives and Service Experience", BSTJ 60:6:2 Jul-Aug 1981 pgs 1203-1224.
     
  76. "Design of Recovery Strategies for a Fault-Tolerant No. 4 Electronic Switching System", BSTJ 61:10 Dec 1982 pgs 3019-3040.
     
  77. "The Integrated Digital Toll Network", BLR 61:1 Jan 1983 pgs 12-19.
     
  78. "Attached Processor System Gives No. 4 ESS More Processing Power", BLR 61:2 Feb 1983 pg 3.
     
  79. "World Wide Experience With No. 4 ESS - A Digital Transit Switch", pgs 127-138 of the 30th Int Scientific Congress for Electronics, Continental and Intercontinental Telecommunications Systems (Rome, Italy, Mar 22-23 1983).
     
  80. "New 4E9 Generic Offers Access Tandem Capability", BLR 61:4 Apr 1983 pg 5.
     
  81. "Enhanced Software Helps Managers Keep Network Traffic Moving", BLR 61:4 Apr 1983 pgs 14-19.
     
  82. "Software Verification for Large Digital Switching Systems", ICC'83 paper C4.6.
     
  83. "4ESS Switch Implementation of Dynamic Non-Hierarchical Routing", GTC'83 paper 42.1.
     
  84. "Beefing Up the Processing Power of the 4ESS Switching System", BLR 62:2 Feb 1984 pgs 17-20.
     
  85. "Attached Processor for 4 ESS and 1A ESS Switches", ISS'84 paper 22A.3.
     
  86. "Stress Testing Large Switching Systems", ICC'84 paper 2.1.
     
  87. "AT&T Carves New Routes In Its Nationwide Network", BLR 62:6 Aug 1984 pgs 18-22.
     
  88. "Managing a Network That Won't Sit Still", BLR 62:6 Aug 1984 pgs 23- 26.
     
  89. "Helping Switches to Account for Themselves", BLR 63:2 Mar 1985 pgs 16-22.
     
  90. "Reliability and Performance Assurance of the 4ESS Digital Switch", ICC'85 pgs 625-630.
     
  91. "ACCUNET Switched 56 is Providing Switched Digital Transmission Now", BLR 63:5 Sep 1985 pgs 26-30.
     
  92. "AT&T Communications ISDN Architecture", ATTJ 65:1 Jan/Feb 1986 pgs 27-33.
     
  93. "Software Problem Cripples AT&T Long-Distance Network", Telephony 218:4 Jan 22 1990 pgs 10-11.
     
  94. "Why the AT&T Network Crashed", Telephony 218:4 Jan 22 1990 pg 11.
     
  95. "AT&T 4E Switches Get Atomic Clocks", Telephony 219:3 Jul 16 1990 pg 10.
     
  96. "Advanced Techniques for Managing Telecommunications Networks", ICM 28:10 Oct 1990 pgs 76-81.
     
  97. "The Evolution of the 4ESS Switch", ATTJ 73:6 Nov/Dec 1994 pgs 93-100.
     
  98. "An Uneventful Event", ATTJ 74:3 May/Jun 1995 pgs 4-5.
     
  99. "The AT&T Switching Evolution Challenge", ATTJ 74:3 May/Jun 1995 pgs 6-9.
     
  100. "The Evolution of Switch Intelligence: An AT&T Network Perspective", ATTJ 74:3 May/Jun 1995 pgs 10-17.
     
  101. "Requirements for a Brain Transplant for the New 1B Processor", ATTJ 74:3 May/Jun 1995 pgs 18-27.
     
  102. "Improving on the Best: 'Like a 1A, Only Better'", ATTJ 74:3 May/Jun 1995 pgs 28-39.
     
  103. "1B Processor Deployment: Leading the Way to Flawless Execution", ATTJ 74:3 May/Jun 1995 pgs 61-72.

Web Pages and Websites

  1. Wikipedia article "4ESS switch".